He Whakamārama Whānui mō te Mātāpono Whakaputa me ngā Paerewa Whakamahinga o te Whāriki Miro Tapatapahi Karāhe

He Whakamārama Whānui mō te Mātāpono Whakaputa me ngā Paerewa Whakamahinga o

muka karāheWhāriki Whenu Tapatapahi

Ko te hanga i te whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe ko te tango i ngā miro porotaka muka karāhe (ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te miro kāore i mirohia) ka tapahia kia 50mm te roa mā te whakamahi i te maripi tapahi. Kātahi ka mararahia ēnei miro, ka whakaritea kia kore e tika, ka tau ki runga i te whitiki kawe mata kowiri tira hei hanga whāriki. Ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei ko te paninga i tētahi mea honohono, he mea hei piri rehu, hei piri wai-marara rānei, hei here i ngā miro tapatapahi. Kātahi ka whakamarokehia te whāriki ki te pāmahana teitei, ā, ka hurihia te āhua hei hanga i tētahi whāriki miro tapatapahi emulsion, i tētahi whāriki miro tapatapahi paura rānei.

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I. Ngā Rauemi Mata

Ko te karāhe e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā hua muka karāhe he momo borosilicate konupūmā-konumohe, he iti iho i te kotahi ōrau te ihirangi kawakore. E kiia ana ko te "E-glass" nā te mea i hangaia mō ngā pūnaha whakamahana hiko.

Ko te hanga muka karāhe ko te kawe i te karāhe rewa mai i te oumu rewa mā roto i te pū konukawata he maha ngā kōhao iti, ka totoro ki roto i ngā miro karāhe. Mō ngā kaupapa arumoni, ko te whānui o ngā miro he 9 ki te 15 maikiromita. Ka pania ēnei miro ki te rahi i mua i te kohikohinga ki roto i ngā muka. He tino kaha ngā muka karāhe, he tino kaha te kume. He pai hoki te ātete matū, te ātete makuku, ngā āhuatanga hiko pai rawa atu, kāore e pāngia e ngā whakaekenga koiora, ā, kāore e mura me te ira rewa o te 1500°C—he mea tino pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā rauemi hiato.

Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā muka karāhe i roto i ngā āhua maha: tapatapahia kia poto ("ngā miro tapatapahi"), kohikohia kia kore e herea ("ngā miro hurihuri"), whatu rānei ki roto i ngā momo papanga mā te miro me te whakamahi i ngā miro tonu. I te UK, ko tētahi momo rauemi muka karāhe e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te whāriki miro tapatapahi, e hangaia ana mā te tapatapahi i ngā miro hurihuri muka karāhe kia tata ki te 50mm te roa, ka honoa ngātahi mā te whakamahi i ngā here polyvinyl acetate, polyester rānei, ka hangaia hei whāriki. Ka rerekē te taumaha o te whāriki miro tapatapahi mai i te 100gsm ki te 1200gsm, ā, he pai mō te whakapakari whānui.

II. Wāhanga Whakamahinga Here

Ka haria ngā muka karāhe mai i te wāhanga taunga ki te whitiki kawe, ka tāpirihia he mea here ki reira. Me pupuri kia ma, kia maroke hoki te wāhanga taunga. Ka mahia te tono here mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu here paura e rua me te raupapa o ngā pūwero wai kua tangohia ngā kohuke.

I runga i te whāriki miro tapatapahi, i ngā taha o runga me raro, ka ringihia he wai kua whakakorea ngā kohuke. He mea nui tēnei mahi kia pai ake ai te piri o te mea here. Mā ngā taputapu paura motuhake ka taurite te tohatoha o te paura. Mā ngā oscillators i waenganui i ngā taputapu e rua ka āwhina i te whakawhiti i te paura ki raro o te whāriki.

III. Te Herea ki te Emulsion

Mā te pūnaha ārai e whakamahia ana ka marara pai te hononga. Ka tangohia te hononga taikaha mā te pūnaha momi motuhake.

Mā tēnei pūnaha ka taea e te hau te kawe atu i te here taikaha mai i te whāriki, ā, ka tohatoha ōrite te here, ka whakakorea te here taikaha. He mārama, ka taea te whakamahi anō i ngā poke kua tātarihia i roto i te here.

Ka rongoatia te mea here ki roto i ngā ipu i roto i te rūma whakaranu, ā, ka haria mai i ngā awa iti e tata ana ki te tipu whāriki mā roto i ngā paipa pēhanga iti.

Ka pupuri ngā taputapu motuhake i te taumata o te tāke kia pumau. Ka haria hoki te here hangarua ki te tāke. Ka haria te piripiri e ngā papu mai i te tāke ki te wāhanga whakapiripiri.

IV. Te Whakaputa

Ko te whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe he rauemi kore-whatu i hangaia mā te tapahi i ngā miro roa kia 25-50mm te roa, ka whakatakotoria matapōkeretia ki runga i te papa whakapae, ka puritia ngātahi ki tētahi here e tika ana. E rua ngā momo here: te paura me te whakapūkara. Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te rauemi hiato e whakawhirinaki ana ki te huinga o te whānui o te miro, te kōwhiringa here, me te rahinga, ko te nuinga ka whakatauhia e te momo whāriki i whakamahia me te tukanga whakahāngai.

Ko te rauemi mata mō te hanga whāriki miro tapatapahi ko ngā keke hurihuri a te kaihanga muka karāhe, engari ko ētahi he maha tonu te whakamahi i ngā hurihuri, hei penapena wāhi.

Mō te kounga o te whāriki, he mea nui kia pai ngā āhuatanga tapahi muka, kia iti te utu hiko pateko, kia iti hoki te whakamahinga o ngā here.

V. Kei roto i te Hanganga Wheketere ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei:

muka kiri

Tukanga Tapatapa

Wāhanga Whakatakoto

Pūnaha Taupānga Here

Oumu Whakamaroke

Wāhanga Pēhi Matao

Te Kuti me te Whakataka

VI. Rohe o te awaawa

Ka whakatakotoria ngā tūnga porowhita hurihuri ki runga i te anga me te maha o ngā pōpini e tika ana. Nā te mea ka taea te pupuri i ngā keke muka i roto i ēnei tūnga porowhita, me noho te wāhi porowhita ki roto i tētahi rūma e whakahaeretia ana te haumākū me te haumākū ōrite o te 82-90%.

VII. Ngā Taputapu Tapatapa

Ka hutia te miro mai i ngā keke e kopikopiko ana, ā, he maha ngā miro e tika ana mā roto i ia maripi tapatapahi.

VIII. Wāhanga Whakatū

Ko te hanganga o te whāriki miro tapatapahi ko te tohatoha ōrite o ngā miro tapatapahi i ngā wā ōrite i roto i te rūma hanga. Kei ia taputapu he motuka tere-rerekē. Ka whakahaerehia motuhaketia ngā taputapu tapahi kia ōrite ai te tohatoha o ngā muka.

Ka kukume hoki te hau i raro i te whitiki kawe i ngā muka mai i te tihi o te whitiki. Ka haere te hau kua tukuna mā roto i te pūwhakapaipai.

IX. Te Matotoru o te Papa Whāriki Miro Tapatapahi Muka Karāhe

I te nuinga o ngā hua kua whakakahangia ki te muka karāhe, ka whakamahia he whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe, ā, ka rerekē te nui me te tikanga whakamahi o te whāriki miro tapatapahi i runga i te hua me te tukanga. Ko te matotoru o te paparanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te tukanga hanga e hiahiatia ana!

Hei tauira, i roto i te hanga o ngā pourewa whakamatao muka karāhe, ka pania tētahi paparanga ki te kapia, ā, ka whai ake ko tētahi paparanga o te whāriki angiangi, te papanga 02 rānei. I waenganui, ka whakatakotoria kia 6-8 ngā paparanga o te papanga 04, ā, ka pania tētahi atu paparanga o te whāriki angiangi ki te mata hei uhi i ngā hononga o ngā paparanga o roto. I tēnei wā, e rua noa iho ngā paparanga o te whāriki angiangi e whakamahia ana. Waihoki, i roto i te hanga o ngā tuanui motuka, ka whakakotahihia ngā momo rauemi pēnei i te papanga whatu, te papanga kore-whatu, te kirihou PP, te whāriki angiangi, me te pahuka i roto i ngā paparanga, me te whāriki angiangi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā paparanga e rua noa iho i te wā o te tukanga hanga. Ahakoa mō te hanga tuanui motuka Honda, he tino ōrite te tukanga. Nō reira, he rerekē te nui o te whāriki miro tapatapahi e whakamahia ana i roto i te muka karāhe i runga i te tukanga, ā, ko ētahi tukanga kāore pea e hiahiatia kia whakamahia, ko ētahi e hiahiatia ana.

Mena ka hangaia he kotahi tana o te muka karāhe mā te whakamahi i te whāriki miro tapatapahi me te kapia, ko te taumaha o te whāriki miro tapatapahi e tata ana ki te 30% o te taumaha katoa, arā, 300Kg. Ara, ko te nui o te kapia he 70%.

Ko te nui o te whāriki miro tapatapahi e whakamahia ana mō taua tukanga ka whakatauhia anō e te hoahoa paparanga. Ko te hoahoa paparanga e hangai ana ki ngā whakaritenga ā-mīhini, te āhua o te hua, ngā whakaritenga whakaoti mata, me ētahi atu āhuatanga.

X. Ngā Paerewa Taupānga

Kei te whānui haere te whakamahinga o te whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe kore-kawakore, ā, kei roto i ngā mara hangarau teitei pērā i te motuka, te moana, te rererangi, te whakaputa hiko hau, me te hanga hōia. Heoi, kāore pea koe i te mōhio ki ngā paerewa e tika ana mō te whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe kore-kawakore. Kei raro nei, ka whakaatuhia e mātou ngā whakaritenga o tētahi paerewa o te ao e pā ana ki te ihirangi waikura konganuku kawakore, te rerekētanga papatipu horahanga kotahi, te ihirangi mura, te ihirangi makuku, me te kaha pakaru kume:

Te Ihirangi o te Konukura Kawakore

Kaua te nui o te waikura konganuku kawakore o te whāriki muka karāhe tapatapahi kore-kawakore e neke ake i te 0.8%.

Taumaha o te Wāhanga Wāhanga

Ngā Ihirangi Ka Mura

Ki te kore e tohua tētahi atu mea, me noho te ihirangi mura i waenga i te 1.8% me te 8.5%, me te rerekētanga mōrahi o te 2.0%.

Te Ihirangi Makuku

Kaua te nui o te makuku o te whāriki e whakamahia ana te piripiri paura e neke atu i te 2.0%, ā, mō te whāriki e whakamahia ana te piripiri emulsion, kaua e neke atu i te 5.0%.

Kaha Pakaru Kukume

I te nuinga o te wā, ka tutuki i te kounga o te whāriki miro tapatapahi muka karāhe kore-kawakore ngā whakaritenga o runga ake nei kia kiia ai he tutuki. Heoi, i runga i te whakamahinga e whakaarohia ana mō te hua, tera pea he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te kaha kume me te rerekētanga papatipu horahanga o te tukanga whakaputa. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio ā mātou kaimahi hoko ki te tukanga whakaputa o ā rātou hua me ngā whakaritenga motuhake mō te whāriki miro tapatapahi kia taea ai e ngā kaiwhakarato te whakaputa i runga i tēnā.